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The fortress of Eger, which has seen many harsh centuries was begun on Castle Hill after the invasion of the Tartars, in the 13th century. On this spot there had been a cathedral and an Episcopal palace as far back as the time of the King Stephen I (1000-1038), the founder of the Hungarian State. As a result of the Turkish menace, the place was fortified in the 16th century. István Dobó was appointed castelan in 1548, and he carried on the fortification of the castle. He ordered the building of a new bastion, later named after him. During the the Turkish attack in 1552 only about five hundred horsemen and just about the same number of soldiers were inside the fortress. Yet in this desperate battle against 80,000 Turks (in which even the inhabitants of the fortress, girls and women took part) the defenders succeeded in winning a remarkable victory. Their triumph is written in golden letters in Hungarian history. Today, there is an István Dobó Fortress Museum within the walls of the castle.
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